Category: French Lessons

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Lesson 12: In the Louvre Museum

mona-lisa-louvre-museum

In this lesson you will discover the Louvre Museum of Paris, the most visited museum in the world ! You will learn the French vocabulary and structures that will allow you to make the most of your visit in Louvre and your stay in Paris: how to buy tickets and ask for specific information. You will see how to use the French conditional sentences to sound more polite and how to express that you have only small quantity of something.  Enjoy !  

1. Dialogue: Au musée du Louvre

[su_note note_color=”#FFFF66″ text_color=”#333333″ radius=”3″ class=””]Le musée du Louvre est le musée le plus visité au monde. Vous êtes à Paris et vous décidez d’aller le visiter. Malheureusement, vous n’avez qu’une demi-journée à consacrer à votre visite.[/su_note]

Au guichet (at the counter) :

Madame: Bonjour, je voudrais deux entrées s’il-vous-plaît.  

Caissier : Deux billets adultes ? 30 euros s’il-vous-plaît.

Monsieur: Est-ce que vous auriez un guide ? Nous ne savons pas par où commencer …

Caissier: Bien sûr. Pour vous repérer dans le musée vous avez des plans sur le comptoir à gauche. Ils sont gratuits.

Le mieux c’est de prendre en location un audio-guide. Cela ne coûte que 6 euros et il contient les commentaires concernant toutes les œuvres du musée..  

Monsieur: Par contre nous n’avons pas beaucoup de temps. Auriez-vous un plan avec les œuvres les plus intéressantes ?

Caissier: Bien entendu Monsieur. Il s’appelle “Les incontournables”. Dedans, vous avez les plus grands chefs-d'oeuvre que le Louvre vous présente. Le voici.

Monsieur: C’est parfait ! Merci beaucoup.

Caissier: A votre service monsieur, dames. Bonne journée et bonne visite !

Monsieur: Merci ! Bonne journée à vous.

Caissier: Au revoir.

Madame: Au revoir !   

2. Notes

[su_spoiler title=”Pronunciation”]

French word Pronunciation
un guide/œ̃//i/
billet /j/
une entrée /ɑ̃/ /e/
adulte /y/
enfant  /ɑ̃/
se repérer /ə/ /e/
œuvre /œ/
un chef-d’œuvre * /œ̃/
les incontournables /ɛ̃/ /ɔ̃/

* The "f" in "chef-d'œuvre" is silent.

[/su_spoiler]

[su_spoiler title=”Dialogue Vocabulary”]

French English
(le) monde world. / au monde (a + le = au) : in the world
consacrer to give time to / to devote time to
un guichet counter / desk / ticket office
une entrée entrance ticket
un billet a ticket / a pass / also a banknote (Eg. un billet de 5 euros)
commencer to start / to begin
se repérer: to locate / to get your bearings / to find your way
un comptoir: counter / bar
à gauche / à droite on the left / on the right
le mieux the best
location / prendre en location to rent
oeuvre(s): work (of art)
par contre however / on the other hand
intéressat(e) Interesting / attractive
un chef-d’œuvre: a masterpiece / crowning achievement
bien entendu of course / naturally
les incontournables: indispensable / that cannot be avoided
dedans Inside

[/su_spoiler]

[su_spoiler title=”Additional Vocabulary”]

French English
   
L’art et les œuvres d’art Art and the Works of Art
une exposition / une expo an exhibition
une collection a collection
un tableau a painting
une peinture a painting
une peinture à l’huile an oil painting
une aquarelle a watercolor
un portrait a portrait
peindre to paint
un peintre a painter
une sculpture a sculpture
un sculpteur a sculptor
sculpter to sculpt

[/su_spoiler]

[su_spoiler title=”Grammar”]

  1. Conditional French :

In general, the conditional structure is used to make a hypothesis about something. It is characterized by the use of the word “if” (si in French) and "would" in the English language and the root of verb in the future tense (eg. the verb "aller" (to go).

The root of the "aller" verb in the future tense is ir. Eg. Demain, j'irai à la plage. (Tomorrow, I will go to the beach.) + the suffix of the French imperfect tense ( –ais, –ais, –ait, –ions, –iez, –aient). The first three endings of the singular pronouns are pronounced exactly the same !      

Eg.

  1. If had more money, I would travel around the world.

Si j’avais plus d’argent, je voyagerais autour du monde.

  1. If I were you, I wouldn’t do it.

Si j’étais toi, je ne le ferais pas.

 

But conditional can also be used to ask politely for something or to give an advice or suggest something.

Eg.

Auriez-vous un guide ? is a polite way of saying:  

Do you have a guide ? or Do you happen to have a guide ?

It is more polite than saying:

Avez-vous un guide ?

or

Vous avez un guide ? (no inversion in question)

[su_highlight background=”#DDFF99″ color=”#000000″ class=””]Even though both of these sentences are correct and polite (using the “vous” form, or “vouvoiement”)[/su_highlight]

 

[su_note note_color=”#FFFF66″ text_color=”#333333″ radius=”3″ class=””]The pronunciation can be daunting at the beginning but if you master the conditionals it will mean you have come a long way in learning the French language. Don’t worry if you make mistakes with conditionals. The French people make them to (as well as in subjunctive case) [/su_note]

Other Examples:

I would like a ticket.

Je voudrais un billet.

I would like to know what you think about it.

J’aimerais avoir ton avis sur le sujet.

B. Ne + verb + que

A very frequent way of expressing small quantity of something, it is translated in English with the word “only”

Consider this example:

This book is expensive. It costs 30 euros.

Ce livre est cher. Il coûte 30 euros.

The other book isn’t expensive. It only costs 3 euros.

L’autre livre n’est pas cher. Il ne coûte que 3 euros.

[/su_spoiler]

3. Exercises

[su_spoiler title=”Input Explanation”]

[content id=”439″]

[/su_spoiler]

[xyz-ihs snippet=”Louvre-Museum”]

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Everyday French Expressions Part 1

Even if you have learned a substantial amount of the French language, once you are in the country you might feel overwhelmed by the way the people speak. One of the reasons will certainly be some of the French expressions that you won’t see in a French language course book. Here you will learn some of the common expressions of the spoken French.

13 Everyday French Expressions

Here is a list of the most common everyday French expressions that you will come across while in France. You will notice them easily as the people will be using them all the time. They are the words and expressions that each French person is using tens if not hundreds of times each day. The list is in no way exhaustive, but it will certainly make the everyday French a bit easier to understand. If you use them correctly, they will also make you sound more native like.

The List (with examples) :

  1. Ouais … : a colloquial way of saying “oui”, or showing that you agree with someone.
    1. Eg. A: “Tu viens ?” Are you coming ?
    2. B: “Ouais, j’arrive…” Yeah, I’m coming
    3. [sc_embed_player fileurl=”http://simple-french.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/ee1.mp3″]
  2. Vas-y ! / Allez-y ! : It means “go on!”, “come on”, or “do it!”. Don’t forget that “vas-y! ” is informal (used between friends and young people) and “allez-y” is formal (adults, people you don’t know, especially older than you people). 
    1. Eg. A: “Je n’ai pas encore acheté de billet.” I haven’t bought the ticket yet.
    2. B: “Qu’est-ce que tu attends ? Vas-y !” What are you waiting for ? Go ahead ! (Do it) !
    3. [sc_embed_player fileurl=”http://simple-french.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/ee2.mp3″]
    4. Eg. Formal situation. You want to let someone go in front of you, in a queue for example: “Allez-y (Madame / Monsieur). Vous pouvez passez devant.” Please, Madame, you can go ahead of me. 
    5. [sc_embed_player fileurl=”http://simple-french.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/ee3.mp3″]
  3. Je sais pas / Chais pas ! : Literally it means “I don’t know”. In the spoken French you won’t here the “ne” word normally added in negative sentences in writing. In spoken French, especially when spoken rapidly, it will sound more like “chais pas” (also written “ché pas”) than “je sais pas”. Interestingly, it doesn’t work in the affirmative way. You just cannot say “chais / ché” for “Je sais” (I know). 
    1. Eg. A: “Qu’est-ce qu’on fait ce soir ?” What are the plans for this evening ? (What are we doing this evening ?).
    2. B: “Ché pas ! Propose quelque chose  !” Don’t know. Propose something ! 
    3. [sc_embed_player fileurl=”http://simple-french.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/ee4.mp3″]
  4. Je suis / J’suis / Chui: The same principle as in the previous example. In spoken French the “to be” verb in “I am” sounds more like “chouis” than “Je suis” when said rapidly. You will rarely hear the French pronounce all the words from for example “Je suis chez moi” (I’m at my home). 
    1. Eg. A: (Au téléphone) “T’es où là ?” Where are you ?
    2. B: “Chui chez moi !” I’m at my place.
    3. [sc_embed_player fileurl=”http://simple-french.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/ee5.mp3″]
  5. Oh là là: Used to express stupefaction. You will hear it a lot. 
    1. Eg. Your friend injured him/herself. You may ask: “Oh là là! Qu’est-ce qui t’est arrivé ?! “. Oh my ! What happened to you ?!“
    2. [sc_embed_player fileurl=”http://simple-french.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/ee6.mp3″]
  6. Laisse tomber ! The infinitive form: laisser tomber. To let  something go, to drop to, to forget it. Literally “to leave / let (something) fall” 
    1. Eg.  A: “Je vais l’attendre encore un peu.” I will wait for him (a bit).
    2. B: “Laisse tomber. Il ne viendra pas !” Forget it! He will never come !
    3. [sc_embed_player fileurl=”http://simple-french.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/ee7.mp3″]
  7. Je m’en fous / M’en fous / On s’en fout: It is very informal way of saying “I don’t care”, or simply “I don’t give a damn / shit about … .”. It has a formal equivalent “Je m’en fiche” but you won’t hear it as often as the informal version. 
    1. Eg. A: “Tu étais au courant que fumer tue ?” Did you know that smoking kills ?
    2. B:  “Oui, mais je m’en fous.” Yes, but I don’t give a damn.
    3. [sc_embed_player fileurl=”http://simple-french.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/ee8.mp3″]
  8. Putain ! The ultimate swear word in the French language. It basically is a pejorative term for a prostitute but it is used in the same context as the English word “f**k”. Nowadays, you can even hear it on tv sometimes. It is also interchangeable with the word “merde” which mean “shit” (literally). 
    1. Eg.  When you are really irritated: “Putain ! Où est-ce que j’ai mis mes clés ?!” F**k, where did I put my keys ?
    2. [sc_embed_player fileurl=”http://simple-french.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/ee9.mp3″]
  9. C’est bon ! : Literally it mean “It is good.” However, in the spoken language it is more used in the context of “That’s ok / Okay / All right.” You can also used it to express irritation. 
    1. Eg. A: “Tu as fini ?” Have you finished ?
    2. B: “Oui, c’est bon. On y va!” Yes, I have (it’s good to go). Let’s go.
    3. [sc_embed_player fileurl=”http://simple-french.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/ee9-1.mp3″]
  10. On y va ! As seen in the previous example, it means “Let’s go! ” (Literally: “we there go!”) 
    1. Eg. Before going out. A man to a woman: “Tu es prête? Si oui, alors on y va !”. You’re ready ? If so, then let’s go ! 
    2. [sc_embed_player fileurl=”http://simple-french.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/ee10-1.mp3″]
  11. En fait : Actually / In fact. Many people use it and some overuse it. 
    1. Eg. A: “Tu as fait ce que je t’ai demandé ?” Did you do what I asked ?
    2. B: “En fait, je n’ai pas pu. J’ai eu un empêchement.” Actually, I didn’t (I couldn’t). Something came up.
    3. [sc_embed_player fileurl=”http://simple-french.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/ee11.mp3″]
  12. T’inquiète pas. Don’t worry / Never mind / That’s ok. Normally, it should be “ne t’inquiète pas” but in the spoken French the “ne” is frequently thrown out. 
    1. Eg. A: “Excuse-moi, j’ai oublié de te rendre ton livre.” I’m sorry (lit. pardon me), I’ve forgotten to take your book.
    2. B: “T’inquiète pas. Tu me le rendras la prochaine fois. “ Don’t worry. You will give it back the next time.
    3. [sc_embed_player fileurl=”http://simple-french.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/ee12.mp3″]
  13. C’est clair! : Of course ! / you bet ! 
    1. Eg. A: “Il aurait pu au moins me prévenir qu’il ne serait pas là !” He should at least have let me know that he wouldn’t come (be here) !”
    2. B: “Oui, c’est clair!.” Of course ! (that he should have).
    3. [sc_embed_player fileurl=”http://simple-french.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/05/ee13.mp3″]

Please include in the comments which words you think you have heard most often or you think the French people are using most frequently. Merci !

Exercises

 

Posted on

Lesson 11: In a French café

Simple French lesson on how to order a coffee in a typical French brasserie. You will also learn the two most popular types of coffee ordered in France: un expresso and un café allongé. Enjoy your lesson !

1. Dialogue: Au café

S: Serveur ( a waiter ), Mme: Madame , M: Monsieur

S: Qu’est-ce que vous prendrez Messieurs, Dames ?
Mme: Pour moi un café.
S: Un café serré ou allongé ?
Mme: Ah.., quelle est la différence entre les deux, s’il-vous-plaît ?  
S: Un café serré est un petit café, un expresso si vous préférez. On l’appelle également un “café court”.
M: Et qu’est-ce qu’un café allongé ?  
S: Un café allongé est tout simplement un café court avec deux fois plus d’eau.
M: D’accord. Un café allongé pour moi s’il-vous-plaît.
S: Et pour vous Madame ?
Mme: Moi, je prendrai un café court s’il-vous-plaît.

2. Notes

 

French word Pronunciation
prendrai /ɛ/
prendrez /e/
Messieurs, Dames /

M’sieurs-Dames
café /e/
serré /e/
allongé /ɔ̃/
expresso 
court

 

 

This lesson introduces the use of the Simple Future Tense (Le futur simple).

The futur simple is heavily used when making orders in a café, bar or a restaurant.  You can also use it when you imagine what your future will look like or when you make projects. In short:

Future Simple:

    1. imagining the future:
      1. Quand je serai grand, je ferai le tour du monde. When I’m big, I will go on a round the world trip.
    2. making projects:
      1. Je prendrai un verre de vin. I will take / have a glass of wine. 
      2. Qu’est-ce que vous prendrez Monsieur? What will you take / have, sir ?

How is Future Simple formed ?

Infinitive (eg. parler, habiter, etc.) + suffixes: –ai –as –a –ons –ez –ont.

If infinitive + e (eg. prendre, vivre)): no “e” :

je prendrai, je vivrai, …

Distinctive feature of the French Simple Future Tense :

lots of r sound !

[su_note]

This can be quite daunting for the beginning learners of French. Fortunately, there is a remedy exercise on Simple-French to help you tame the pronunciation of the French “R” sound.

[/su_note]

Simple Future Conjugation (La conjugaison au Futur simple)

prendre être
je prendrai

tu prendras

il / elle / on prendra

nous prendrons

vous prendrez

ils prendront

 je serai

tu seras

il / elle / on sera

nous serons

vous serez

ils seront

 

Conjugation of Futur Simple with examples: 

prendre
Je prendrai un thé.

Tu prendras ce que voudras.

Il / elle / on prendra deux cafés.

Nous prendrons un taxi.

Vous prendrez la première à gauche.

Ils prendront la même chose.

Dialogue Vocabulary

French English
   
Les verbes Verbs
prendre to take
commander to order
boire to drink
préférer to prefer
   
Les noms Nouns
un serveur / une serveuse a waiter / a waitress
Monsieur-Dames a common French expression to address both a man and a woman at the same time (if both are present). It is pronounced as one word.
la différence difference
un café a coffee
eau water
   
Les adjectifs Adjectives
serré pressed / squeezed  (du verbe serrer: to thighten / to press)
petit small
grand big
court short / brief
alongé stretched out / extended (du verbe allonger: to extend, to prolong)
d’accord OK / All right ! (from: être d’accord = to agree / to be in agreement)

Additional Vocabulary:

Les boissons: Drinks:
un café au lait milky coffee / latte
un café crème a middle cup of coffee and milk
un petit / grand café a small / big coffee
(un) sucre

Je prendrai du sucre avec mon café s’il-vous-plaît.

sugar
un café décaféiné (un déca) decaffeinated coffee
un chocolat chaud hot chocolate
un thé a tea
une tisane, a herbal tea
une infusion a herbal tea / infusion
   
Les ustensiles: Utensils:
une tasse a cup
une grande tasse / un mug a big cup / a mug
une chope a mug
une soucoupe a saucer
une cuillère a spoon
un sachet packet / sachet / bag
une touillette   a stir stick / a stirrer

Useful Expressions

French English
Qu’est ce que c’est ? What’s this  / that ?
Que désirez-vous, Madame / Monsieur ? What will you have ?
Je prendrai …. I will take …
Combien je vous dois ? How much do I owe you ?
Cela / Ca vous fait 10€. / C’est 10€. You owe me 10€. / It’s 10€.

 

coffe-break-at-the-corner-café-montmartre-Paris-2012-H4g2-flickr
cafe-bar-mariano-mantel-flickr

3. Exercises

Exercise 1

Exercise 2

Exercise 3

4. Homework

Imagine you are on a trip to Paris. You have been walking for 2 hours and now you want to make a break. You have spotted une brasserie and you decide to enter inside to have a coffee. Write a dialogue in which:

  • You have to order 1 coffee with milk for you, an espresso for you friend and two teas for two other people who are with you.
  • You need to speak for yourself (I will take …) and for your friend (he / she will take …) and the two other people ( they will take …).

Posted on

Lesson 10: What do you like doing in your free time ?

Simple French Lesson 10 on how to say what your hobbies are and what you like doing. Learn how to ask questions and how to answer using “I / You like”.

1. Dialogue : “Qu’est ce que tu aimes faire ?”

[wp-svg-icons icon=”volume-medium” wrap=”i”]

Antoine: Qu’est-ce que tu aimes faire Marie ?
Marie: Tu veux dire pendant mon temps libre ?
Antoine: Exactement. Quel est ton passe temps favori ?
Marie: J’aime lire et regarder des films.
Antoine: Quel genre de livres aimes-tu ?
Marie: J’aime les livres d’aventure et de la littérature populaire. Pour les films, j’adore les vieux films français. Et toi, Antoine ?
Antoine: Moi, j’aime la musique. Ecouter, jouer et chanter, ce sont mes passions !

 

2. Notes

[su_spoiler title=”Pronunciation”]

French word pronunciation
pendant
favori
lire
aventure
littérature
passion

[/su_spoiler]

[su_spoiler title=”Grammar”]

! This lesson uses Simple Present Tense (Le présent). It also focuses on the use of the adjective quel

The verb aimer

aimer: to love, to be fond of, to like, to enjoy
J’aime les voitures allemandes.

Tu aimes faire du sport.

Il / Elle aime sortir avec des amis.

Nous aimons la cuisine espagnole.

Vous aimez le café ?

Ils / Elles aiment voyager.

  • Negative sentence:
    • Je n’aime pas le café. ne (or n’ if a vowel comes after it) + verb + pas
    • You need to use definite article (le / la / les) when you want to say that you like or don’t like something in particular.
    • ! Je t’aime ! = I love you ! but J’adore Paris ! = I love Paris !
    • ! Je t’aime bien = I like you.
    • J’aime bien cette couleur. = I (somewhat / kind of) like this colour.    

[/su_spoiler]

[su_spoiler title=”Vocabulary”]

 

French English
aimer to like / to be fond of
dire to say
pendant during / while / in
un passe temps a hobby
lire to read
regarder to look / to watch
quel / quelle which / what
(un) genre type / sort / kind
adorer to really like
écouter to listen to
jouer to play (in instrument or a game (sport / video)
chanter to sing
une passion a passion

[/su_spoiler]

[su_spoiler title=”Useful expressions”]

Some Useful Expressions:

  • Qu’est ce que tu veux dire ? What do you mean ?
  • Je suis fou / folle de toi / de basket / de joie  !  I’m crazy about you / basketball /  I’m mad with joy !

[/su_spoiler]

[su_spoiler title=”Additional Vocabulary”]

Some  examples of hobbies: 

French English
écouter de la musique to listen to music
l’équitation / monter à cheval horse riding
le cyclisme cycling / bicycling
surfer sur le net to go web surfing / web browsing
jouer de la guitare to play the guitar
le basket basketball
jouer au foot to play football
sortir to go out
parler avec des amis to talk with friends
courir / faire du jogging to run / to go jogging
aller à la pêche / pêcher to go fishing / to fish
jardinage / jardiner gardening / to do some gardening
nager / faire de la natation to swim
cuisiner / faire de la cuisine to cook

[/su_spoiler]

3. Exercises

[xyz-ihs snippet=”que-aimes-tu-faire”]

4. Homework

  1. Write what you like doing. Choose 1 or 2 activities that you like, 1 that you like so-so and 1 you don’t like. Do this in the first person singular ( Je ….) and the second person singular (Tu …)
  2. Learn the dialogue by heart. You may replace the activities you like with the ones of your choice.

The cover image by Vincent Anderlucci.

Posted on

Lesson 9: French Alphabet

In this lesson you will learn the sounds of French letters and how to spell the words in French.

1. French Alphabet

L’alphabet français:

French Letter
A 

[sc_embed_player fileurl=”http://simple-french.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/alphabet-00.wav”]
B

[sc_embed_player fileurl=”http://simple-french.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/alphabet-01.wav”]
C 

[sc_embed_player fileurl=”http://simple-french.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/alphabet-02.wav”]
D 

[sc_embed_player fileurl=”http://simple-french.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/alphabet-03.wav”]
E 

[sc_embed_player fileurl=”http://simple-french.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/alphabet-04.wav”]
F 

[sc_embed_player fileurl=”http://simple-french.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/alphabet-05.wav”]
G 

[sc_embed_player fileurl=”http://simple-french.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/alphabet-06.wav”]
H 

[sc_embed_player fileurl=”http://simple-french.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/alphabet-07.wav”]
I 

[sc_embed_player fileurl=”http://simple-french.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/alphabet-08.wav”]
J 

[sc_embed_player fileurl=”http://simple-french.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/alphabet-09.wav”]
K 

[sc_embed_player fileurl=”http://simple-french.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/alphabet-10.wav”]
L 

[sc_embed_player fileurl=”http://simple-french.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/alphabet-11.wav”]
M 

[sc_embed_player fileurl=”http://simple-french.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/alphabet-12.wav”]
N 

[sc_embed_player fileurl=”http://simple-french.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/alphabet-13.wav”]
O 

[sc_embed_player fileurl=”http://simple-french.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/alphabet-14.wav”]
P 

[sc_embed_player fileurl=”http://simple-french.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/alphabet-15.wav”]
Q 

[sc_embed_player fileurl=”http://simple-french.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/alphabet-16.wav”]
R 

[sc_embed_player fileurl=”http://simple-french.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/alphabet-17.wav”]
S 

[sc_embed_player fileurl=”http://simple-french.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/alphabet-18.wav”]
T 

[sc_embed_player fileurl=”http://simple-french.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/alphabet-19.wav”]
U 

[sc_embed_player fileurl=”http://simple-french.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/alphabet-20.wav”]
V 

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W 

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X 

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Y 

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Z 

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Louvre, Dimitry B. – Flickr
Eiffel Tower, Banajova – Flickr
Montmartre, Antonis Lamnatos – Flickr

2. Notes

The French alphabet consists of 26 letters five of which may have variations unknown to the English language. But to keep it simple, we say for now that all the letters of the French alphabet are the same as English ones.

3. Exercises

Spell the following words:

  1. Brown
  2. Dupont
  3. Richardson
  4. Kowalski
  5. Je suis à Paris.